Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land.Geographers compare and contrast 1 places on earth. But they also 2 beyond theindividual places and consider the earth as a 3 . The word Geography 4 from twoGreek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth”andgraphein, 5 means “ to write”. The English word geography means “to describe theearth”. 6 geography books 7 on a small area like a town or city. Otherdeal with a state, a region, a nation, or an 8 continent. Many geography booksdeal with the whole earth. Another 9 to divide the study of 10 is to distinguishbetween physical geography and 11 geography. The former focus on the naturalworld; the 12 starts with human beings and studies 13 human being and theirenvironment act 14 each other. 15 when geography is considered as a singlesubject, 16 branch can neglect the other.
A geographer might be described 17 one who observes, records, andexplains the 18 between places. If places were alike, there would be littleneed for geographer.
We know, 19 ,that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, 20,is a point of view, a special way of looking at places.
1. A. similarB. distantC. variousD. famous
2. A. passB. go C. reachD. get
3. A. wholeB. untilC. part D. total
4. A. fallsB. resultsC. removesD. comes
5. A. whatB. which C. that D. it
6. A. SomeB. MostC. ManyD. Few
7. A. relyB. restC. reckonD. focus
8. A. extensiveB. overallC. entire D. enormous
9. A. wayB. meansC. habitD. technique
10. A. world B. earthC. geographyD. globe
11. A. mental B. militaryC. economicD. cultural
12. A. second B. nextC. laterD. latter
13. A. when B. whatC. whereD. how
14. A. upon B. asC. forD. to
15. A. And B. ButC. ThereforeD. For
16. A. neither B. oneC. either D. each
17. A. for B. asC. toD. by
18. A. exceptions B. samenessC. differenceD. divisions
19. A. moreover B. meanwhileC. howeverD. or else
20. A. still B. then C. neverthelessD. moreover
1. 【答案】 C. various
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. various 各種各樣的，不同的。句子的意思是“地理學(xué)家比較和對(duì)比地球上各種不同的地域”。可見，similar, famous, distant 均不符合題意
2. 【答案】B. go
【解析】本題測試慣用搭配.go beyond(= exceed) 超越，超過。
3. 【答案】A. whole
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. as a whole 作為整體，常跟在名詞后面，如：We must examine these problems as a whole.
本句譯為：但是地理學(xué)家不但研究各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，而且也把地球作為整體來考慮。
4. 【答案】D. comes
【解析】本題測試結(jié)構(gòu)型詞義搭配. come from 來自，來源于，正合題意。fall from 從…….落下;result from 由……產(chǎn)生，因……而造成：1)Sickness often results from eating too much. 2) Nothing has resultfrom my efforts.
remove…from…把……從…...去掉;撤職：1)It is difficult to remove the stain from the clothes. 2) Theyremoved him from his position. 3) The corrupt official was removed from office.由此可見falls, results 與removes 均不符合題意。
5. 【答案】B. which
【解析】本題測試結(jié)構(gòu)搭配. which 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，修飾graphein.
6. 【答案】A. Some
注釋：本題測試邏輯搭配.做cloze 試題的時(shí)，考生必須從語篇的角度去選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，是文章在邏輯意思和結(jié)構(gòu)上完整統(tǒng)一。本題與下句聯(lián)系密切，下句中有Others,故本題應(yīng)選Some,從而構(gòu)成句型：Some…. Others…...。
7. 【答案】D. focus.
【解析】本題測試結(jié)構(gòu)型詞義搭配. 所列的四個(gè)候選動(dòng)詞后都可以接介詞on，但詞義不同。rely on依靠。rest on 著落：Science rests on facts. (科學(xué)以事實(shí)為依據(jù)。)
reckon on 指望，依靠：We hope that we can reckon on your support.
focus on 集中討論研究：These meetings focus on the strategies for the future. (這些會(huì)議集中研究未來戰(zhàn)略。)focus 也可用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“把…..集中在…..上”，例如：The students can focus their attention on the meaning of eachsentence.可見，本題應(yīng)選 D. focus
8. 【答案】C. entire
【解析】本題測試邏輯型詞義搭配.上下文的意思是：有些地理書主要研究城鎮(zhèn)這樣的小地區(qū)，而另一些地理書則研究州，區(qū)域，國家或整個(gè)大洲。可見，這里談話的中心是地理書研究的地區(qū)的大小和范圍，故應(yīng)選，C. entire。extensive 廣大的，廣闊的; overall 全面的，總和的; enormous 巨大的，龐大的均不切題。
9. 【答案】A. way
10. 【答案】C. geography
【解析】本題測試詞義與邏輯搭配. exercise 3 的9 和10在同一句子中，句意是：還有一種劃分地理學(xué)研究范圍的方法是把地理學(xué)分為自然地理學(xué)和人文地理學(xué)。從句意上看，第9句應(yīng)選 way。means 手段，工具，方法(=sth.that helps a person to get what he or she wants),例如：You may use everymeans you can think of. (你可以使用你想到的各種方法) habit (個(gè)人的)習(xí)慣;technique 技能，技巧。第10句從上下文邏輯意思上看，只能選 C. geography.
11. 【答案】D. cultural
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配.從上題譯文可見解題思路。
12. 【答案】D. latter
【解析】本題測試詞義型邏輯搭配.注意句型：the former….., the latter(前者….，后者….)
13. 【答案】D. how
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配.
本句譯文：前者研究自然界，而后者從人類開始，研究人類和其周圍環(huán)境是如何相互影響的。
14. 【答案】A. upon
【解析】本題測試結(jié)構(gòu)搭配. act on(= have an effect on) 對(duì)…..有影響，對(duì)….起作用：This acidacts on metals. (這種酸對(duì)金屬起作用。)
15. 【答案】B. But
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配. 從上下文邏輯來看，此句表示語氣轉(zhuǎn)折，故應(yīng)選 B. But。
16. 【答案】A. neither
注釋：本題測試邏輯搭配.上面談到地理學(xué)包括自然地理和人文地理。本句指出，當(dāng)把地理學(xué)看作一門學(xué)科時(shí)，那么其中任何一門分科都不能忽視另外一門分科。可見，此題應(yīng)選 neither.
17. 【答案】B. as
【解析】本題測試慣用搭配. be described as 被說成是：He was described as a doctor.
18. 【答案】C. differences
【解析】本題測試詞義型邏輯搭配.從邏輯意思上看，這里談的是地域之間的差別，故應(yīng)選 C. differences. exception 例外， sameness相同點(diǎn)，division 劃分，均與上下文文意相悖。
19. 【答案】C. however
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配. however 表示語氣轉(zhuǎn)折。
20. 【答案】B. then
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配. then 此處意為“這樣說來”，如：How, then, do you account for his absence? (這樣說來你如何解釋他的缺席呢?) still 仍然;nevertheless 然而，不過;moreover 此外，均不符合題意。
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