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1、陳述句

說明事實或陳述說話人觀點的句子。基本結構：主語+謂語+其他

1)肯定陳述句 We all like pandas very much.

2)否定陳述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends

3)肯定陳述句改否定陳述句

①一般是在be動詞或情態動詞后加not。

Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday.

I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane.

②不含be動詞或情態動詞的，行為動詞前要用助動詞的否定式(don’t，doesn’t，didn’t)，后面跟動詞的原形。

He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures.

I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday.

4)陳述句改一般疑問句

①有be動詞或情態動詞的，把be動詞或情態動詞提前。

Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday?

I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane?

②不含be動詞或情態動詞的句子，借助助動詞開頭，動詞還原成原形。

He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures.

I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday?

2、疑問句

用來提出問題，詢問情況的句子，末尾用問號。

1)一般疑問句：一般疑問句常用來詢問一件事是否屬實，通常以be動詞，助動詞或情態動詞開頭，用yes或no來回答，因此又叫是非疑問句，通常讀升調。

—Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t.

—Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.

—Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t.

2)特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞引導，要求回答具體問題，不能用yes或no來回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car.

3)選擇疑問句：提供兩種或兩種以上情況，讓對方選擇，往往用or連接。

—Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please.

4)反意疑問句：反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成。

—It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is.

3、祈使句

表示請求或命令別人做某事或不做某事。

1)用于第二人稱，通常省略you。

①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please.

②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again.

2)用于第一人稱和第三人稱，通常以let(let后跟賓格)或shall開頭。

Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now.

Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre?

4、感嘆句

表達喜怒哀樂等強烈感情，句尾常用感嘆號(!)，語氣用降調。

1)what + 名詞或名詞性短語

What a big garden (it is)!

What an interesting storybook (it is) !

What lovely weather (it is)!

What pretty girls (they are)!

2)how +形容詞或副詞+主語+動詞

How nice!

How beautiful the flowers are!

How tall Yao Ming is!

5、there be 句型 表示在某地有某人或某物。

1)主語是單數，be動詞用is(was);主語是復數，be動詞用are(were)。

There is some milk in the fridge.

There are some peaches in the basket.

2)如果有幾個不同的人或物并列存在，be動詞根據最靠近的那個名詞而定。

There isa ruler and five knives in the pencil case.

There arefive knives and a ruler in the pencil case.

3)there be句型和have/has區別：

there be句型表示某地有某人或某物;

have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人稱單數，其余人稱和數用have。

There are some English books on the desk.

I have some English books.