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Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ 1 and are more （1） to go on to university，reveals a major new study2 carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy3 and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)4.The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed the （2 ）of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.

The study shows a clear link （3） good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for （4） thinking and verbal comprehension.But it is only fitness that plays a （5） in the results for the IQ test5，and not strength.“Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung （6） and that your brain gets plenty of （7） ，"says Michael Nilsson，professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital.“This may be one of the reasons （8 ）we can see a clear link with fitness，but not with muscular （9 ）.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

By analysing data for twins，the researchers have been （10 ）to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a （11 ）IQ.

“We have also shown that those youngsters who （12） their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance，”says Mafia Aberg，researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.“This being the case6 ，physical （13） is a subject that has an important place in schools，and is an absolute must7 if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects."

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests （14 ）national service8 with the socio-economic status of the men later in （15 ）.Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education，and many secured more qualified jobs.

詞匯：

proceedings n.學報，論文集 Swedish adj.瑞典的

comprehension n.理解 muscular adj.肌肉的

注釋：

1.IQ：智商。IQ是intelligence quotient的縮寫。

2.reveals a major new study：一項主要的新研究顯示。這是一個倒裝句，主語是a major new study，謂語是reveals。第三段出現的“says Michael Nilsson”和第五段出現的“says Maria

Aberg"也是同一類型的倒裝句。

3.Sahlgrenska Academy：瑞典哥德堡大學健康科學研究院

4.the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS)：美國國家科學院學報

5.But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test：“it is...that"是強調式句子結構，被強調的部分是only fitness。強調前的句子是："But only fitness plays a role in the results for the IQ test."。第四段中出現的“it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness…”那個句子也屬強調式句子結構。

6.This being the case：倘若情況果真如此，因此

7.must：用作名詞，意思是“必須”。

8.national service：兵役，國民服役