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Composer簡介

Composer 是 PHP 的一個依賴管理工具。它允許你申明項目所依賴的代碼庫，它會在你的項目中為你安裝他們。Composer 不是一個包管理器。是的，它涉及 "packages" 和 "libraries"，但它在每個項目的基礎上進行管理，在你項目的某個目錄中（例如 vendor）進行安裝。默認情況下它不會在全局安裝任何東西。因此，這僅僅是一個依賴管理。

執行composer install遇到錯誤：Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages. 這是因為不匹配composer.json要求的版本。

完整錯誤如下：

vagrant@homestead:/usr/share/nginx/html/laravel-blog$ sudo composer install

Loading composer repositories with package information

Installing dependencies (including require-dev) from lock file

Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

Problem 1

- Installation request for doctrine/instantiator 1.0.3 -> satisfiable by doctrine/instantiator[1.0.3].

- doctrine/instantiator 1.0.3 requires php ~5.3 -> your PHP version (7.0.3) does not satisfy that requirement.

Problem 2

- doctrine/instantiator 1.0.3 requires php ~5.3 -> your PHP version (7.0.3) does not satisfy that requirement.

- phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects 2.3.0 requires doctrine/instantiator ~1.0,>=1.0.1 -> satisfiable by doctrine/instantiator[1.0.3].

- Installation request for phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects 2.3.0 -> satisfiable by phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects[2.3.0].

提示我的PHP 7版本太高，不符合composer.json需要的版本，但是在PHP 7下應該也是可以運行的，composer可以設置忽略版本匹配，命令是：

composer install --ignore-platform-reqs

or

composer update --ignore-platform-reqs

再次執行composer命令可以正常安裝包了。

如果提示警告：

Cannot create cache directory /home/vagrant/.composer/cache/repo/https---packagist.org/, or directory is not writable. Proceeding without cache

Cannot create cache directory /home/vagrant/.composer/cache/files/, or directory is not writable. Proceeding without cache

這是在虛擬機中執行composer，提示這個目錄沒有可寫權限，composer無法緩存下載的包，這樣就每次都得重新下載，把目錄改成可寫可讀即可。

sudo chmod -R 777 /home/vagrant/.composer/cache/files/

另外，在虛擬機中也設置composer為國內鏡像，不然下載速度慢的要死，執行：

composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com

OK，大功告成。