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這篇文章主要介紹了python實現的一個火車票轉讓信息采集器,采集信息來源是58同程或者趕集網,需要的朋友可以參考下。

#coding: utf-8

'''

春運查詢火車票轉讓信息

Author: piglei2007@gmail.com

Date: 2011.01.25

'''

import re

import os

import time

import urlparse

import datetime

import traceback

import urllib2

import socket

socket.setdefaulttimeout(20)

BLANK_RE = re.compile(r"\s+")

opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor())

opener.addheaders = [

  ("User-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; FreeBSD i386; en-US; rv:1.9.1) Gecko/20090704 Firefox/3.5"),

  ("Accept", "*/*"),

]

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup

SOURCE = {

  "58": "http://bj.58.com/huochepiao/?Num=%(train)s&StartTime=%(date)s00",

  "ganji": "http://bj.ganji.com/piao/cc_%(train)s/%(date)s/",

}

RECORD_FILE = "/tmp/ticket_records.txt"

def parse_record():

  try:

    return set([x.strip() for x in open(RECORD_FILE, "r").readlines()])

  except IOError:

    open(RECORD_FILE, "w")

    return set()

def flush_record(records):

  open(RECORD_FILE, "w").write("\n".join(records))

def main(config):

  """

  開始抓取

  """

  existed = parse_record()

  to_email = []

  for train in config["trains"]:

    for date in config["dates"]:

      for type, _url in SOURCE.items():

        url = _url % dict(train=train, date=date)

        content = urllib2.urlopen(url).read()

        soup = BeautifulSoup(content)

        result = parse_content(type, soup, train)

        for url, text in result:

          url = urlparse.urljoin(_url, url)

          # 只要臥鋪！

          if url not in existed and u"臥" in text:

            to_email.append([text, url])

          existed.add(url)

  if to_email:

    content = "".join(

      [x for x in [" | ".join(y) for y in to_email]]

    ).encode("utf-8")

    simple_mail(config["people"], content)

  flush_record(existed)

def parse_content(type, soup, train):

  """

  獲得車次信息

  """

  result = []

  if type == "58":

    info_table = soup.find("table", id="infolist")

    if info_table:

      for x in info_table.findAll("tr", text=re.compile(ur"%s(?!時刻表)" % train, re.I)):

        a = x.parent

        _text = BLANK_RE.sub("", a.text)

        result.append([a["href"], _text])

  if type == "ganji":

    for x in soup.findAll("dl", {"class": "list_piao"}):

      a = x.dt.a

      result.append([a["href"], a.text])

  return result

EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.sohu.com'

EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'yourname@sohu.com'

EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'yourpassword'

EMAIL_PORT = 25

def simple_mail(to, content):

  """

  發送郵件

  """

  import smtplib

  from email.mime.text import MIMEText

  msgRoot = MIMEText(content, 'html', 'UTF-8')

  msgRoot['Subject'] = "[%s]有票來啦！！！！" % datetime.datetime.today().isoformat(" ")

  msgRoot['From'] = EMAIL_HOST_USER

  msgRoot['To'] = ", ".join(to)

  s = smtplib.SMTP(EMAIL_HOST, EMAIL_PORT)

  s.login(EMAIL_HOST_USER, EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD)

  s.sendmail(EMAIL_HOST_USER, to, msgRoot.as_string())

  s.close()

def switch_time_zone():

  """

  切換時區

  """

  os.environ["TZ"] = "Asia/Shanghai"

  time.tzset()

switch_time_zone()

if __name__ == '__main__':

  config = {

    "trains": ("k471",),

    "dates": ("20110129",),

    "people": (

      "youremail@sohu.com",

    )

  }

  try:

    main(config)

    print "%s: ok" % datetime.datetime.today()

  except Exception, e:

    print traceback.format_exc()然后放入cron，你懂的。

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