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大學生就業不愛外企愛國企

Foreign Employers Less Popular in China

The growing success of Chinese companies, contrasted with the effect that the global economic downturn had on many foreign firms, is starting to alter the attitudes of prospective Chinese employees, according to a new survey.

一項新的調查顯示，中國公司越來越成功，而相比之下許多外國公司都深受全球經濟低迷影響，這種狀況正開始改變中國雇員的態度。

Big foreign companies with operations in China were once considered by many of China's most talented graduates to be better employers because they offered better compensation and opportunities for learning and growth. But the results of a survey of 200,000 Chinese college students by online employment agency ChinaHR.com listed only three non-Chinese multinational companies on a list of the top 50 employers, down from 21 last year.

Bloomberg News2009年上海某招聘會，現場水泄不通。在中國運營的大型外資公司曾經被許多最有才能的中國畢業生認為是更好的雇主，因為它們提供的薪酬更高，學習、發展的機會更好。但招聘網站中華英才網(ChinaHR.com)對20萬名中國大學生進行的調查結果顯示，只有三家非中資的跨國公司在排名最前的 50家雇主之列，去年為21家。

Surveys of foreign companies in China have long shown that finding and retaining qualified personnel is one of their biggest operational challenges. And the competition for talent is increasingly important as more Chinese companies are going head-to-head with foreign companies both within China's huge market and abroad. Having access to lower-cost talent has played a large role in helping Shenzhen-based Huawei transform the global telecom-equipment industry, for example, by enabling the company to offer dramatically reduced prices.

長期以來對駐華外企的調查都顯示，尋找并留住合格人才是它們面臨的最大運營難題之一。而隨著越來越多的中資公司在國內的巨大市場及國外市場同外企并駕齊驅，對人才的爭奪正變得日益重要。比如深圳的華為之所以給全球通信器材產業帶來了變革，很大的一個原因就在于它能夠招到工資更低的人才，從而生產出價格低得多的產品。

'Five or six years ago, there was a big difference' in packages offered by domestic and foreign companies, says Echo Cui, partner at recruitment firm Eiger Search. But the gap has narrowed, with some Chinese companies offering even better packages than foreign employers. And fresh graduates fear instability at foreign companies because of the changes and downsizing many underwent over the past two years, she says, adding that it is increasingly difficult for her firm to woo talent away from Chinese companies.

招聘公司Eiger Search合伙人Echo Cui說，五六年前，中資企業和外企提供的待遇差距很大，但現在差距已經縮小，部分中資公司給出的待遇甚至超過外企。另外她說，由于過去兩年外企進行的改革和規?？s減，應屆畢業生也擔心在外企工作不穩定。而她的公司要從中資公司挖人也越來越難了。

In ChinaHR's survey, the three foreign multinationals in the top 50 ranking scored well. Notably, Google placed sixth-even with its spot last year, and just two notches behind No. 4 Microsoft, the top-ranking foreign company in the 2010 survey-despite the Internet search giant's uncertain future in China. Procter & Gamble came in at No. 8, down from second place last year.

中華英才網的調查中，排進前50名的那三家外資跨國公司位置都很靠前。其中引人注目的是，雖然谷歌(Google)在中國的前景并不明確，但這家互聯網搜索巨頭仍然排名第六。這同去年一樣，并且比名列榜單第四名、在外企中排得最前的微軟(Microsoft)僅落后兩名。寶潔公司(Procter & Gamble)排在第八，不及去年的第二名。

This year's top 50 also include two of Hong Kong's top conglomerates, Hutchison Whampoa (No. 40) and Jardine Matheson (No. 46), and several companies from Taiwan, like Asustek Computer (No. 25), Cathay Financial (No. 37), Formosa Petrochemical (No. 48), and Quanta Computer (No. 49).

今年的50強還包括香港的兩家知名企業集團，它們分別是排在第40位的和記黃埔(Hutchison Whampoa)和排在第46位的怡和控股(Jardine Matheson)。另外還有幾家臺資公司，比如華碩電腦(Asustek Computer，排名25)、國泰金控(Cathay Financial，排名37)、臺塑石化(Formosa Petrochemical，排名48)和廣達電腦(Quanta Computer，排名49)。

But the vast majority of companies on the list are mainland Chinese companies, including 33 state-owned enterprises. Many foreign companies that were on the list last year-such as International Business Machines, Nokia, Hewlett-Packard, PricewaterhouseCoopers, and General Electric, didn't make the cut in 2010.

但絕大多數上榜企業都是中國大陸的公司，其中包括 33家國有企業。很多去年上榜的外企在2010年“名落孫山”，其中包括國際商業機器公司(IBM)、諾基亞(Nokia)、惠普(Hewlett- Packard)、普華永道(PricewaterhouseCoopers)和通用電氣(General Electric)。

'Chinese firms are growing quickly…We think that is a very good thing for society,' said Geoff Li, a spokesman for GE. 'At the same time, whether foreign or domestic, companies have to do more to communicate with today's college students and graduates to make them understand what they can achieve within our [corporate] environment.' Representatives of IBM, Nokia, H-P, and PWC didn't immediately respond to requests for comment.

通用電氣發言人李國威(Geoff Li)說，中資公司正在迅速成長，我們認為這對社會來講是一種非常好的事情;與此同時，不管是外資還是內資，企業都需要同今天的大學生和畢業生做更多的溝通，讓他們明白，在我們的企業環境當中他們可以取得什么樣的成績。IBM、諾基亞、惠普和普華永道沒有馬上回應置評請求。

Cui, of Eiger Search, says the turmoil in the global economy in recent years has changed views of foreign companies. 'It's mostly because of the financial crisis,' she says. 'People now think [foreign companies] are not stable, and that they have more security at domestic companies.' Even though foreign companies may still offer better opportunities for training and personal development, landing a job at a company like state-owned telecom carrier China Mobile (No. 1) is seen as providing strong security and a clear path for advancement, she says.

Eiger Search的Echo Cui說，近幾年全球經濟的動蕩已經改變了大學生對外資公司的看法。她說，這主要是由于金融危機，現在大家認為外資公司并不穩定，在國內公司工作更有安全感。她說，雖然外企提供的培訓機會和個人發展機會可能仍舊更好，但如果是在國有電信運營商中國移動(排名第一)這樣的公司找到一份工作，就被認為是有了堅實的保障和清晰的發展道路。