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—、書信寫作要求

書信(Letter)一般可分為事務(wù)信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件

(Private Letter)兩大類。一般包括以下幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)：

1） 收信人的姓名和地址；

2） 寄信人的姓名及其與收信人的關(guān)系；

3） 寄信人的地址（有時(shí)可以省略）；

4） 寫信的時(shí)間；

5） 信的內(nèi)容。

1. 書信的格式

1） 信頭(Heading)；

2） 稱呼(Salutation)；

3） 正文(Body of the letter)；

4） 結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Complimentary close)；

5） 簽名(signature)。

2. 書信的種類

1） 邀請(qǐng)信

邀請(qǐng)信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于兩者之間者。正式邀請(qǐng)信一般屬于公函類，私人邀請(qǐng)信一般屬于非正式文體。邀請(qǐng)朋友、熟人參加某一聚會(huì)時(shí)，再詞句上不一定多加斟酌，用詞太正規(guī)倒顯得關(guān)系不密切。但是如果與被邀請(qǐng)人不太熟悉的話，最好用正式文體。如雖認(rèn)識(shí)但并不十分了解，文體可介于兩個(gè)者之間。由此可見(jiàn)，私人邀請(qǐng)究竟用什么文體，關(guān)鍵看與被邀請(qǐng)人之間的親疏的程度。邀請(qǐng)信要明確寫出活動(dòng)（是晚會(huì)、晚餐還是一般的聚會(huì)等）、活動(dòng)的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)組織這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的理由，有時(shí)還應(yīng)告訴對(duì)方可能出席的人，另外一般希望對(duì)方給予答復(fù)。

（1） 非正式邀請(qǐng)信，如；

26 Coventry St.

London

Sept. 15th, 1999.

Dear Jack,

I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.

Looking forward to seeing you.

Love

Mary

這封信是寫給朋友的，所以用語(yǔ)比較隨便，比較口語(yǔ)化。

（2） 正式邀請(qǐng)信，如：

Dear Ms. Gupta;

It’s our great pleasure to announce that Jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary1 of the founding of our corporation2. We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan. 19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel. At this moment, we would like to express our sincere3 gratitude4 to our clients5 for both courtesy6 and support over the past three years. Please confirm7 if you plant to attend.

Yours Sincerely,

Lewis

這是一封正式邀請(qǐng)信，十分正規(guī)，無(wú)論從句式，還是用語(yǔ)都十分講究。

(3) 介于正式和非正式之間的邀請(qǐng)信，如：

No.4 Middle School

Beijing 100034

April 29th,2000

Dear Miss Katherine,

I am very pleased to write to you. My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Ji'nan. Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was "Fast Reading". My classmates and I all thank you very much. We will have an English evening at 7:00--9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom. Would you please come and attend the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on. And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song. After that we can enjoy the music. We hope to see you soon.

Yours

Yu Hong

這封信是寫給一位外籍教師的，這位外籍教師曾經(jīng)到過(guò)這所學(xué)校，雖然作者認(rèn)識(shí)，但并不十分了解。

2）感謝信

感謝信可分為感謝饋贈(zèng)、感謝款待、感謝幫助、感謝送行和感謝探病等。

感謝信一般包括以下幾點(diǎn)：

①對(duì)收信人的稱謂；

②寫信的目的；（Thank you for…）

③致謝并詳述所收到的禮物或得到的幫助等；

④結(jié)尾及謙稱。

如：

Dear Ms. Gupta:

How regretful I must leave you house. Thank you for the many good things you provided8. The chess game, tennis match and Mr. Gupta's delicious dishes gave me lots of enjoyment9. If you came to Beijing for any reason, please come to my family. The kids are looking forward to seeing Aunt Jean. I believe we will have a very happy time.

Yours Sincerely, Lewis

3)求職信

求職信屬于公務(wù)信函，格式和用詞比較規(guī)。信的內(nèi)容大體上分為三部分

①寫信的目的，

②自我介紹，

③要求。

注意下面幾點(diǎn)：

①寫信的目的要直截了當(dāng)?shù)卦谛诺拈_(kāi)頭提出。

②自我介紹部分主要介紹自己的學(xué)歷、工作經(jīng)歷、解決問(wèn)題的能力等等。在行文、用詞上要表現(xiàn)出自信、懇切的態(tài)度，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)明扼要，突出介紹自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，與眾不同的特長(zhǎng)或有利條件。還要緊扣用人單位的需求，巧用詞語(yǔ)，有國(guó)地說(shuō)服對(duì)方，此職非你莫屬。

③最后提出進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系的途徑，如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。還可以主動(dòng)提出接受面試或考核等。

④求職信在寫作特點(diǎn)上主要用第一人稱以及動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：

Ms Li Ling

P.O.Box 231

Beijing

July 10,1999

Dear sir(s),

I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company. I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself. I'd like to get the job. I am a girl college student of 22 years old. My name is Li Ling. I am studying in the language department. I can speak, read and write English very well. As a second language, I can read and speak a little French. I have some work experience as a typist in my spare time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays. The bosses I worked for were all satisfied10 with my work. I am sure I'll satisfy11 you as well. You can get more information about my studies and work from the college. I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test.

Faithfully

Li Ling

3)回信

寫回信時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意正確理解寫信人的意圖、所提問(wèn)題、必須對(duì)寫信人的問(wèn)題給予明確的答復(fù)。如下例：

No.1 Middle School of Nanjing,

Jiangsu, China

Jan.23rd, 2000

Dear Jack

Thanks for your letter. Yes, I have some difficulty12 in learning13 English. For example, I can't tell the difference between written English and spoken English. Sometimes I often make mistakes while speaking to others. I want to improve my spoken English. But I don't know how. Would you please give me some advice? As you say, it is really difficult to write toe Chinese characters, but don't worry about it. Have you considered doing plenty of practice? And I suggest you write them as much as possible. I think it will be of great help. I'm looking forward to hearing from you again.

Best wishes.

Yours

Li Ling

原信中作者問(wèn)到英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的情況，同時(shí)征求學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的建議并談到自己在學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中遇到的問(wèn)題?；匦胖凶髡邔?duì)來(lái)信中的問(wèn)題作了詳細(xì)的回答并給出了建設(shè)性的建議。

1 anniversary Cw0zD

n.周年(紀(jì)念日)

參考例句：

They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他們每年慶祝一番結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日。

Today is my parents'30th wedding anniversary.今天是我父母結(jié)婚30周年紀(jì)念日。

2 corporation Vozzl

n.公司，企業(yè)&n.社團(tuán)，團(tuán)體

參考例句：

The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation. 這家公司已經(jīng)和瑞士銀行公司建立合作關(guān)系。

The inflation did the corporation up. 通貨膨脹使這個(gè)公司破產(chǎn)了。

3 sincere 5yQwX

adj.真誠(chéng)的，誠(chéng)摯的，誠(chéng)懇的

參考例句：

He is sincere and easy to get along with.他為人誠(chéng)懇，很好相處。

His mother is a sincere Christian.他母親是個(gè)虔誠(chéng)的基督教徒。

4 gratitude p6wyS

adj.感激，感謝

參考例句：

I have expressed the depth of my gratitude to him.我向他表示了深切的謝意。

She could not help her tears of gratitude rolling down her face.她感激的淚珠禁不住沿著面頰流了下來(lái)。

5 clients fac04ca68a48af91f0290001604a2463

n.顧客( client的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )；當(dāng)事人；訴訟委托人；[計(jì)算機(jī)]客戶端

參考例句：

a lawyer with many famous clients 擁有許多著名委托人的律師

She understood the importance of establishing a close rapport with clients. 她懂得與客戶建立密切和諧的關(guān)系的重要性。

6 courtesy 7a3y7

n.謙恭有禮，禮貌的舉止，好意，恩惠

參考例句：

She called on us merely for the sake of courtesy.她來(lái)訪只是為了禮貌。

After a few words of courtesy,they got down to business.雙方客氣了一番，就開(kāi)始談?wù)隆?/P>

7 confirm 6YDya

vt.證實(shí)；確認(rèn)；v.確認(rèn)

參考例句：

I'll call you back to confirm.我會(huì)給你回電話確認(rèn)的。

I need to confirm my reservation on the next flight.我要確認(rèn)我預(yù)訂的下一個(gè)航班。

8 provided PkNzng

conj.假如，若是；adj.預(yù)備好的，由...供給的

參考例句：

Provided it's fine we will have a pleasant holiday.如果天氣良好，我們的假日將過(guò)得非常愉快。

I will come provided that it's not raining tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我就來(lái)。

9 enjoyment opaxV

n.樂(lè)趣；享有；享用

參考例句：

Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我們這次訪問(wèn)更加愉快了。

After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢講完一個(gè)笑話，這老人就呵呵笑著表示他的高興。

10 satisfied YjLzFT

adj.滿意的，滿足的；清償過(guò)的；確信的，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的v.使?jié)M意( satisfy的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞)

參考例句：

She's never satisfied with what she's got. 她對(duì)自己的所得從不感到滿足。

He had a self-satisfied smirk on his face. 他臉上掛著得意揚(yáng)揚(yáng)的笑容。

11 satisfy 8Y0xT

v.滿意；滿足

參考例句：

Her father tried his best to satisfy her demands.她的父親想盡一切辦法來(lái)滿足她的要求。

She is too poor to satisfy her family's material needs.她太窮了，無(wú)法滿足家人的物質(zhì)需要。

12 difficulty pvUxW

n.困難，費(fèi)勁；難事，難題；麻煩，困境

參考例句：

If there is any difficulty,please let us know promptly.倘有困難，請(qǐng)迅速通知我們。

A little difficulty like this is nothing to us.這點(diǎn)困難算不了什么。

13 learning wpSzFe

n.學(xué)問(wèn)，學(xué)識(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)；動(dòng)詞learn的現(xiàn)在分詞

參考例句：

When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初學(xué)騎自行車時(shí)，常會(huì)從車上掉下來(lái)。

Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言不僅僅是記些單詞的事。

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