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一篇文章通常可分為三個(gè)部分，即開(kāi)頭、正文和結(jié)尾。這三個(gè)部分安排是否得體，直接影響到文章的質(zhì)量。

文章的開(kāi)頭一般來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)盡量做到開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，用簡(jiǎn)單明白的敘述引出文章的話題，使讀者了解文章要談?wù)撌裁矗幌掠谝鹱x者的興趣。

作文常見(jiàn)的開(kāi)頭形式大致有以下幾種：

1.開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，揭示主題

文章一開(kāi)頭，，就交待清楚文章的主題是什么。如“how i spent my vacation”(我怎樣度假)的開(kāi)頭是：

i spent my last vacation happily.

下面是題為"honesty"(談?wù)\實(shí))一文中的開(kāi)頭：

honesty is one of the best virtues.an honest man is always trusted and respected.on the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a "liar"，and is looked upon by honest people.

2.交代人物、事情、時(shí)間或環(huán)境開(kāi)頭

在文章的開(kāi)頭，先把人物、事件和環(huán)境交待清楚。例如"a trip to jinshan" (去金山旅游)的開(kāi)頭：

the day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to jinshan. the bus ride there took three hours. the long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.

3. 回憶性的開(kāi)頭

用回憶的方法來(lái)開(kāi)頭。例如"a trip to the taishan mountain"(泰山游)的開(kāi)頭是：

i remember my first trip to the taishan mountain as if it were yesterday.

4.概括性的開(kāi)頭

即對(duì)要在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個(gè)概括性的介紹。如“the happiness of reading books”(讀書(shū)的快樂(lè))的開(kāi)頭：

people often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world. but i say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.

5.介紹環(huán)境式的開(kāi)頭

即開(kāi)頭利用自然景物或自然環(huán)境引出要介紹的事物。如“an accident”(一場(chǎng)事故)的開(kāi)頭是:

it was a rainy and windy morning. the sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty. i was on my way back to school. suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.

6.交待寫(xiě)作目的的開(kāi)頭。

在文章的一開(kāi)頭就交待寫(xiě)作目的，如通過(guò)文章要表?yè)P(yáng)誰(shuí)，批評(píng)誰(shuí)，或說(shuō)明一個(gè)什么問(wèn)題等。如 "pollution control" (控制污染)的開(kāi)頭：

in this article i shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.

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